Das Hibernate Criteria Tutorial
Willkommen beim Hibernate Criteria Beispiel-Tutorial! Heute werden wir uns mit Kriterien in Hibernate beschäftigen.
Hibernate Kriterien
Meistens verwenden wir HQL, um die Datenbank abzufragen und die Ergebnisse zu erhalten. HQL ist keine bevorzugte Methode zum Aktualisieren oder Löschen von Werten, da wir uns dann um alle Verknüpfungen zwischen Tabellen kümmern müssen. Die Hibernate Criteria API bietet einen objektorientierten Ansatz, um die Datenbank abzufragen und Ergebnisse zu erhalten. Wir können die Kriterien in Hibernate nicht verwenden, um Update- oder Delete-Abfragen oder DDL-Anweisungen auszuführen. Hibernate-Kriterienabfragen sind nur zu verwenden, um die Ergebnisse aus der Datenbank mit einem objektorientierten Ansatz abzurufen. Für mein Hibernate-Kriterienbeispiel zeige ich Ihnen, wie Sie Kriterien in Hibernate für Datenbankabfragen verwenden können. Einige der häufigsten Verwendungen der Hibernate Criteria API sind:
- Die Hibernate Criteria API bietet Projektionen, die wir für Aggregatfunktionen wie sum(), min(), max() usw. verwenden können.
- Die Hibernate Criteria API finden mit ProjectionList Verwendung, um nur ausgewählte Spalten abzurufen.
- Kriterien in Hibernate sind für Join-Abfragen, indem mehrere Tabellen verbunden werden. Nützliche Methoden für Hibernate-Kriterien-Joins sind createAlias(), setFetchMode() und setProjection().
- Kriterien in der Hibernate API sind zum Abrufen von Ergebnissen mit Bedingungen. Nützliche Methoden sind add(), mit denen wir Einschränkungen hinzufügen können.
- Die Hibernate Criteria API bietet die Methode addOrder(), die wir verwenden können, um die Ergebnisse zu sortieren.
Die folgende Klasse zeigt verschiedene Anwendungen der Hibernate Criteria API. Die meisten davon sind Ersatz für Beispiele aus dem HQL-Tutorial.
package com.journaldev.hibernate.main;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Criteria;
import org.hibernate.FetchMode;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Order;
import org.hibernate.criterion.ProjectionList;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Projections;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Restrictions;
import com.journaldev.hibernate.model.Employee;
import com.journaldev.hibernate.util.HibernateUtil;
public class HibernateCriteriaExamples {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Prep work
SessionFactory sessionFactory = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
//Get All Employees
Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(Employee.class);
List<Employee> empList = criteria.list();
for(Employee emp : empList){
System.out.println("ID="+emp.getId()+", Zipcode="+emp.getAddress().getZipcode());
}
// Get with ID, creating new Criteria to remove all the settings
criteria = session.createCriteria(Employee.class)
.add(Restrictions.eq("id", new Long(3)));
Employee emp = (Employee) criteria.uniqueResult();
System.out.println("Name=" + emp.getName() + ", City="
+ emp.getAddress().getCity());
//Pagination Example
empList = session.createCriteria(Employee.class)
.addOrder(Order.desc("id"))
.setFirstResult(0)
.setMaxResults(2)
.list();
for(Employee emp4 : empList){
System.out.println("Paginated Employees::"+emp4.getId()+","+emp4.getAddress().getCity());
}
//Like example
empList = session.createCriteria(Employee.class)
.add(Restrictions.like("name", "%i%"))
.list();
for(Employee emp4 : empList){
System.out.println("Employees having 'i' in name::"+emp4.getName()+","+emp4.getAddress().getCity());
}
//Projections example
long count = (Long) session.createCriteria(Employee.class)
.setProjection(Projections.rowCount())
.add(Restrictions.like("name", "%i%"))
.uniqueResult();
System.out.println("Number of employees with 'i' in name="+count);
//using Projections for sum, min, max aggregation functions
double sumSalary = (Double) session.createCriteria(Employee.class)
.setProjection(Projections.sum("salary"))
.uniqueResult();
System.out.println("Sum of Salaries="+sumSalary);
//Join example for selecting few columns
criteria = session.createCriteria(Employee.class, "employee");
criteria.setFetchMode("employee.address", FetchMode.JOIN);
criteria.createAlias("employee.address", "address"); // inner join by default
ProjectionList columns = Projections.projectionList()
.add(Projections.property("name"))
.add(Projections.property("address.city"));
criteria.setProjection(columns);
List<Object[]> list = criteria.list();
for(Object[] arr : list){
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr));
}
// Rollback transaction to avoid messing test data
tx.commit();
// closing hibernate resources
sessionFactory.close();
}
}
Ausgabe
Wenn wir das obige Hibernate Criteria-Beispielprogramm ausführen, erhalten wir folgende Ausgabe.
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.annotations.common.reflection.java.JavaReflectionManager <clinit>
INFO: HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {4.0.4.Final}
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.Version logVersion
INFO: HHH000412: Hibernate Core {4.3.5.Final}
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment <clinit>
INFO: HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment buildBytecodeProvider
INFO: HHH000021: Bytecode provider name : javassist
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration configure
INFO: HHH000043: Configuring from resource: hibernate.cfg.xml
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration getConfigurationInputStream
INFO: HHH000040: Configuration resource: hibernate.cfg.xml
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.internal.util.xml.DTDEntityResolver resolveEntity
WARN: HHH000223: Recognized obsolete hibernate namespace https://hibernate.sourceforge.net/. Use namespace https://www.hibernate.org/dtd/ instead. Refer to Hibernate 3.6 Migration Guide!
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration doConfigure
INFO: HHH000041: Configured SessionFactory: null
Hibernate Configuration loaded
Hibernate serviceRegistry created
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure
WARN: HHH000402: Using Hibernate built-in connection pool (not for production use!)
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl buildCreator
INFO: HHH000401: using driver [com.mysql.jdbc.Driver] at URL [jdbc:mysql://localhost/TestDB]
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl buildCreator
INFO: HHH000046: Connection properties: {user=pankaj, password=****}
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl buildCreator
INFO: HHH000006: Autocommit mode: false
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure
INFO: HHH000115: Hibernate connection pool size: 20 (min=1)
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect <init>
INFO: HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.LobCreatorBuilder useContextualLobCreation
INFO: HHH000423: Disabling contextual LOB creation as JDBC driver reported JDBC version [3] less than 4
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.TransactionFactoryInitiator initiateService
INFO: HHH000399: Using default transaction strategy (direct JDBC transactions)
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory <init>
INFO: HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory
Hibernate: select this_.emp_id as emp_id1_1_1_, this_.emp_name as emp_name2_1_1_, this_.emp_salary as emp_sala3_1_1_, address2_.emp_id as emp_id1_0_0_, address2_.address_line1 as address_2_0_0_, address2_.city as city3_0_0_, address2_.zipcode as zipcode4_0_0_ from EMPLOYEE this_ left outer join ADDRESS address2_ on this_.emp_id=address2_.emp_id
ID=1, Zipcode=95129
ID=2, Zipcode=95051
ID=3, Zipcode=560100
ID=4, Zipcode=100100
Hibernate: select this_.emp_id as emp_id1_1_1_, this_.emp_name as emp_name2_1_1_, this_.emp_salary as emp_sala3_1_1_, address2_.emp_id as emp_id1_0_0_, address2_.address_line1 as address_2_0_0_, address2_.city as city3_0_0_, address2_.zipcode as zipcode4_0_0_ from EMPLOYEE this_ left outer join ADDRESS address2_ on this_.emp_id=address2_.emp_id where this_.emp_id=?
Name=Lisa, City=Bangalore
Hibernate: select this_.emp_id as emp_id1_1_1_, this_.emp_name as emp_name2_1_1_, this_.emp_salary as emp_sala3_1_1_, address2_.emp_id as emp_id1_0_0_, address2_.address_line1 as address_2_0_0_, address2_.city as city3_0_0_, address2_.zipcode as zipcode4_0_0_ from EMPLOYEE this_ left outer join ADDRESS address2_ on this_.emp_id=address2_.emp_id order by this_.emp_id desc limit ?
Paginated Employees::4,New Delhi
Paginated Employees::3,Bangalore
Hibernate: select this_.emp_id as emp_id1_1_1_, this_.emp_name as emp_name2_1_1_, this_.emp_salary as emp_sala3_1_1_, address2_.emp_id as emp_id1_0_0_, address2_.address_line1 as address_2_0_0_, address2_.city as city3_0_0_, address2_.zipcode as zipcode4_0_0_ from EMPLOYEE this_ left outer join ADDRESS address2_ on this_.emp_id=address2_.emp_id where this_.emp_name like ?
Employees having 'i' in name::David,Santa Clara
Employees having 'i' in name::Lisa,Bangalore
Hibernate: select count(*) as y0_ from EMPLOYEE this_ where this_.emp_name like ?
Number of employees with 'i' in name=2
Hibernate: select sum(this_.emp_salary) as y0_ from EMPLOYEE this_
Sum of Salaries=1000.0
Hibernate: select this_.emp_name as y0_, address1_.city as y1_ from EMPLOYEE this_ inner join ADDRESS address1_ on this_.emp_id=address1_.emp_id
[Pankaj, San Jose]
[David, Santa Clara]
[Lisa, Bangalore]
[Jack, New Delhi]
May 26, 2014 6:53:32 PM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl stop
INFO: HHH000030: Cleaning up connection pool [jdbc:mysql://localhost/TestDB]
Da ich das HQL-Beispielprojekt verwende, müssen Sie es importieren und diese Klasse hinzufügen, damit es funktioniert. Beachten Sie die ausgeführten Hibernate-Abfragen in der Ausgabe, so können Sie Ihre Abfragen verfeinern und die gewünschten Ergebnisse erhalten. Das war alles für eine schnelle Zusammenfassung der Kriterien in Hibernate.
