What is FTP (File Transfer Protocol)?

The transfer of files is becoming increasingly important in the computerized world. This often happens without us being aware of it. A method for file transfer is implemented in most Internet browsers today.

Control of the FTP client is mostly intuitive. We click on the file, perhaps enter the storage location, and the PC and the browser do the rest without us having to do anything. Very few are aware of the processes behind these processes. With File Transfer Protocol, data is exchanged between the client, here for example the home PC, and the server of a university using a network protocol. The process of transferring data from the server to the client is known as downloading. When the data flows from the client to the server, the data is uploaded. As a third option, File Transfer Protocol supports transmission between two FTP servers. This is controlled by the client. A distinction is made between active and passive FTP. These methods differ in the receiving procedure. With the active File Transfer Protocol, the client sends its own IP address and the responsible port to the server. The server establishes a direct connection to the client. If this is not possible because the client is behind a firewall or a router, for example, the passive File Transfer Protocol is used. The client sends a command to the server. This tells the client the corresponding port and IP address. Communication can be secured via encryption with both active and passive FTP.

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