How do databases work?

A database system is basically a system for electronic data management. It is important to structure particularly large amounts of data in such a way that they can be called up permanently and without errors. This must be done in a way that users and application software can work with efficiently.

A well-structured database adapted to individual needs is an important part of an IT architecture. In addition, public database systems such as the open source database management system MySQL or MS-SQL fulfill important functions. Basically, a database system consists of the database management system as administration software and the database.

In the database, users store large amounts of data such as names, addresses and individual data of individuals or products with the associated characteristics. The data management system determines the structure in which the individual data records are organized and the rules according to which access is possible. In addition, the database offers convenient options for accessing the stored data in different sortings. The way data is stored and managed within the database determines the database model. Depending on the developer and the needs of the user of the database, it can be organized hierarchically, document-oriented, relationally, object-oriented or network-wise. In addition, combinations of the different models are conceivable. The most widespread database model is the relational database. It manages stored data, which can have various relationships to one another, in row-oriented tables. Ratings in the table columns determine the relationships between the data.

Characteristics of a database are multi-user capability and options for data export to other programs. To ensure secure multi-user operation, the database’s transaction concept protects individual data from parallel access by different users. Data exports, data queries and other activities require a database language as an interface. Relational database systems use the database language SQL, for example. Data security in a database is of particular importance. It serves to protect against data loss and data misuse. The data dictionary of the database system defines the data schemes and access rights required for backup

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